Riverstone Networks RS 8000 Manual de usuario descargar pdf (Pagina 19)

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GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY

Gigahertz (GHz): A unit of frequency that

is equal to one billion cycles per second,

109 Hertz.

Group: A collection of related BGP peers.

Hard-optics: The hardware technologies

that create and transport light, such as

DWDM, FEC, Raman amplification, tunable

dispersion compensators, Variable Optical

Attenuators (VOAs), dynamic spectral gain

compensators, Micro-Electro-Mechanical

Systems (MEMS), and Optical Spectrum

Analyzers (OSAs).

Hold Time: In BGP, the maximum number of

seconds allowed to elapse between when a

BGP system receives successive keepalive

or update messages from a peer.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers (IEEE): One of the functions of

which is to define standards for data

communications.

Import: To install routes from the routing

protocols into a routing table.

Ingress Router: First router in a label-

switched path (LSP). See also egress router.

Intelligent Optical Network: A dynamic

flexible network of virtual lightpaths, which

is light from end-to-end and delivers an

abundance of cost-effective, usable band-

width. The foundation of the next generation

telecommunications infrastructure.

Intelligent Optical Networking: Bringing

network intelligence to the optical domain –

creation, configuration and management of

virtual lightpaths within the optical domain.

A new class of products for the development

of an intelligent optical network.

Inter-AS Routing: Routing of packets

among different AS’s. See also EBGP.

Intercluster Reflection: In a BGP route

reflection, the redistribution of routing

information by a route reflector system to

all nonclient peers (BGP peers not in

the cluster).

Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP):

Such as IS-IS, OSPF, and RIP.

Intermediate System: Network entity that

send and receives packets and that can

also route packets.

Intermediate System to Intermediate

System (IS-IS): A link-state IGP for IP

networks that also uses the shortest-path-

first (SPF) algorithm to determine routes.

Internal BGP (IBGP): BGP configuration in

which sessions are established between

routers in the same AS’s.

International Standards Organization

(ISO):

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

(IANA): Regulatory group that maintains all

assigned and registered Internet numbers,

such as IP and multicast addresses.

See also NIC.

Internet Control Message Protocol

(ICMP):

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF):

Internet Group Membership Protocol

(IGMP): Used with multicast protocols

to determine whether group members

are present.

Internet Protocol (IP)

Label-Switched Path (LSP): Sequence of

routers that cooperatively perform MPLS

operations for a packet stream. An LSP is a

point-to-point, half duplex connection from

the ingress to the egress router. The first

router in an LSP is called the ingress router,

and the last router in the path is called the

egress router (the ingress and egress routers

cannot be the same router).

Lambda (λ): An optical wavelength

Lightpath: Analogous to virtual circuits in

the ATM world, a lightpath is a virtual circuit

in the optical domain that could consist of

multiple spans each using a different physical

wavelength for transmission of information

across an optical network.

Local Area Network (LAN): Geographically

limited communications network intended for

the local transport of voice, data, and video.

Often referred to as a customer premises

network.

Local Preference: Optional BGP path

attribute carried in internal BGP update

packets that indicates the degree of

preference for an external route.

Management Information Base (MIB):

Definition of an object that can be managed

by SNMP.

Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU):

Maximum packet size, in bytes, that an

interface can handle.

Megahertz (MHz): A unit of frequency that

is equal to one million cycles per second.

Multicast: The operation of sending network

traffic from one network node to multiple

network nodes.

Multiprotocol BGP (MBGP): An extension

to BGP that allows you to connect multicast

topologies within and between BGP AS’s.

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS):

Mechanism for engineering network traffic

patterns that functions by assigning short

labels to network packets that describe how

to forward them through the network. Also

called label switching or traffic engineering.

N-selector: Last byte of an NSAP address.

Neighbor: An immediately adjacent router.

Also called a peer.

Network Entity Title (NET): ISO NSAP in

which the n-selector is 00.

Network Information Center (NIC): Internet

authority responsible for assigning Internet-

related numbers, such as IP addresses and

AS numbers. See also IANA.

Network Layer Reachability Information

(NLRI): Information that is carried in BGP

packets and is used by MBGP.

Network Monitoring and Analysis (NMA)

is a fault management system used by

RBOCs to perform network monitoring

and surveillance.

Network Service Access Point (NSAP):

A connection to a network that is identified

by a network address.

Nonclient Peer: In a BGP route reflection,

a BGP peer is not a member of a cluster.

See also client peer.

Operations System/Intelligent Network

Elements (OPS/INE): A provisioning system

used to provide configuration management

of remote equipment.

Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (OADM):

Also called a Wavelength Add/Drop

Multiplexer, or WADM. An optical network

element that lets specific channels of a

multi-channel optical transmission system

be dropped and/or added without affecting

the through signals (the signals that are to

be transported through the network node).

Optical Amplifier: A device that increases

the optical signal strength without an optical

to electrical to optical conversion process.

Optical Carrier (OC): A designation used

as a prefix denoting the optical carrier level

of SONET data standards. OC-1/STS-1,

OC-3/STS-3, OC-12, OC-48 and OC-192

denote transmission standards for fiber-optic

data transmission in SONET frames at data

rates of 51.84 Mbps, 155.52 Mbps, 622.08

Mbps, 2.48832 Gbps, and 9.95 Gbps,

respectively.

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